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Amethyst is a violet variety of quartz.The name comes from the Koine Greek αμέθυστος amethystos from α - a-, "not" and μεθύσκω (Ancient Greek) methysko / μεθώ metho (Modern Greek), "intoxicate", a reference to the belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness. [1]
A ruby is a pink to blood-red colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum (aluminium oxide).Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapphires.Ruby is one of the traditional cardinal gems, together with amethyst, sapphire, emerald, and diamond. [1]
The Utah Geological Survey estimated that one red beryl is found for every 150,000 diamonds. [1] According to Gemmological Association of Great Britain a 2 carat red beryl is as rare as a 40 carat diamond. [13] Red beryl is valued roughly the same price or higher than emerald [12] despite being a hundred times rarer. Its rarity has made it less ...
Group of precious and semiprecious stones—both uncut and faceted—including (clockwise from top left) diamond, uncut synthetic sapphire, ruby, uncut emerald, and amethyst crystal cluster. A gemstone (also called a fine gem , jewel , precious stone , semiprecious stone , or simply gem ) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or ...
Prasiolite (also known as green quartz, green amethyst or vermarine) is a green variety of quartz. Since 1950, almost all natural prasiolite has come from a small Brazilian mine, [ citation needed ] but it has also been mined in the Lower Silesia region of Poland .
Beryl (/ ˈ b ɛr əl / BERR-əl) is a mineral composed of beryllium aluminium silicate with the chemical formula Be 3 Al 2 Si 6 O 18. [6] Well-known varieties of beryl include emerald and aquamarine.
Diamond as a form of carbon is tasteless, odourless, strong, brittle solid, colourless in pure form, a poor conductor of electricity, and insoluble in water. Another solid form of carbon known as graphite is the chemically stable form of carbon at room temperature and pressure , but diamond is metastable and converts to it at a negligible rate ...
Painite is a very rare borate mineral.It was first found in Myanmar by British mineralogist and gem dealer Arthur C.D. Pain who misidentified it as ruby, until it was discovered as a new gemstone in the 1950s.