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This is a list of U.S. Supreme Court cases involving Native American Tribes.Included in the list are Supreme Court cases that have a major component that deals with the relationship between tribes, between a governmental entity and tribes, tribal sovereignty, tribal rights (including property, hunting, fishing, religion, etc.) and actions involving members of tribes.
The case was argued on March 23, 2021. [4] The case was decided unanimously on June 1, 2021, allowing tribal police to detain and investigate those suspected of criminal activity on tribal lands regardless of racial status. [5] [4] The court found that in such cases non-natives may be detained when on a public right of way inside a reservation.
Prosecution of serious crime, historically endemic on reservations, [72] [73] was required by the 1885 Major Crimes Act, [74] 18 U.S.C. §§1153, 3242, and court decisions to be investigated by the federal government, usually the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and prosecuted by United States Attorneys of the United States federal judicial ...
Exclusive jurisdiction over tribal subject matter also belongs to the tribal courts. In divorce cases, tribal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over divorces between Indians living in Indian country. [37] In some divorce cases involving Indians living outside Indian country, the tribal and state courts may have concurrent jurisdiction. [38]
The Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation (ONHIR) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the U.S. Government.It is responsible for assisting Hopi and Navajo Indians impacted by the relocation that Congress mandated in the Navajo-Hopi Land Settlement Act of 1974 [1] for the members of the Hopi and Navajo tribes who were living on each other's land.
Suquamish Indian Tribe, the Supreme Court, in a 6–2 opinion authored by Justice William Rehnquist, concluded that tribal courts do not have jurisdiction over non-Indians (the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court at that time, Warren Burger, and Justice Thurgood Marshall filed a dissenting opinion). But the case left unanswered some questions ...
The history of independent tribal courts is complex and has been shaped by the federal government's policies towards Native American tribes. [5] The establishment of independent tribal courts was a result of the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, which aimed to promote tribal self-government and to preserve Native American culture and traditions. [6]
The aquifer is the main source of potable groundwater for the Navajo and Hopi tribes, who use the water for farming and livestock as well as drinking and other domestic uses. The tribes alleged that the pumping of water by Peabody Energy caused a severe decline in the number of springs and reduced their access to potable water. [ 4 ]