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This is a list of U.S. Supreme Court cases involving Native American Tribes.Included in the list are Supreme Court cases that have a major component that deals with the relationship between tribes, between a governmental entity and tribes, tribal sovereignty, tribal rights (including property, hunting, fishing, religion, etc.) and actions involving members of tribes.
The case was argued on March 23, 2021. [4] The case was decided unanimously on June 1, 2021, allowing tribal police to detain and investigate those suspected of criminal activity on tribal lands regardless of racial status. [5] [4] The court found that in such cases non-natives may be detained when on a public right of way inside a reservation.
Tribal courts have exclusive jurisdiction in civil cases against any Indian in Indian country. This includes cases brought against an Indian by a non-Indian in Indian country, and all cases between tribal members that arise in Indian country. [36] Exclusive jurisdiction over tribal subject matter also belongs to the tribal courts.
Diane Joyce Humetewa (/ ˌ h uː m ə ˈ t eɪ w ə / HOO-mə-TAY-wə; [1] born December 5, 1964) [2] [3] is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. Humetewa is the first Native American woman and the first enrolled tribal member to serve as a U.S. federal judge.
Prosecution of serious crime, historically endemic on reservations, [72] [73] was required by the 1885 Major Crimes Act, [74] 18 U.S.C. §§1153, 3242, and court decisions to be investigated by the federal government, usually the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and prosecuted by United States Attorneys of the United States federal judicial ...
The aquifer is the main source of potable groundwater for the Navajo and Hopi tribes, who use the water for farming and livestock as well as drinking and other domestic uses. The tribes alleged that the pumping of water by Peabody Energy caused a severe decline in the number of springs and reduced their access to potable water. [ 4 ]
In 1962 the courts issued the "Opinion, Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law and Judgment," which stated that the U.S. government did not grant the Navajo any type of permission to reside on the Hopi Reservation that was declared in 1882; and that the remaining Hopi land was to be shared with the Navajo, as the Navajo–Hopi Joint Use Area.
California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, 480 U.S. 202 (1987), was a United States Supreme Court case involving the development of Native American gaming. The Supreme Court's decision effectively overturned the existing laws restricting gaming/gambling on U.S. Indian reservations.