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Heinz Kohut (May 3, 1913 ... Though dynamic theory tends to place emphasis on childhood development, Kohut believed that the need for such selfobject relationships ...
Kohut explained, in 1977, that in all he wrote on the psychology of the self, he purposely did not define the self. He explained his reasoning this way: "The self...is, like all reality...not knowable in its essence...We can describe the various cohesive forms in which the self appears, can demonstrate the several constituents that make up the self ... and explain their genesis and functions.
Healthy narcissism was first conceptualized by Heinz Kohut, who used the descriptor "normal narcissism" and "normal narcissistic entitlement" to describe children's psychological development. [1] [20] Kohut's research showed that if early narcissistic needs could be adequately met, the individual would move on to what he called a "mature form ...
In his book, Kohut deals with a new category of patients, those suffering from narcissistic personality disorders, or at least this was a group of patients that had previously not been treated within psychoanalysis but which were now seen in a different light. [3] Kohut's work is divided into three parts, with a separate introductory chapter.
Kohut, Heinz: The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders (1971). International Universities Press, New York. ISBN 0-8236-8002-9. Kohut, Heinz (1977). The Restoration of the Self. New York: International Universities Press. ISBN 0-8236-5810-4. Strozier, Charles B. (2001).
An extension of Freud's theory of narcissism came when Heinz Kohut presented the so-called "self-object transferences" of idealization and mirroring.To Kohut, idealization in childhood is a healthy mechanism.
Kohut also saw beyond the negative and pathological aspects of narcissism, believing it is a component in the development of resilience, ideals and ambition once it has been transformed by life experiences or analysis [25] —though critics objected that his theory of how 'we become attached to ideals and values, instead of to our own archaic ...
Personality is complex; a typical theory of personality contains several propositions or sub-theories, often growing over time as more psychologists explore the theory. [ 10 ] The most widely accepted empirical model of durable, universal personality descriptors is the system of Big Five personality traits : conscientiousness , agreeableness ...