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Free substitution or rolling substitution is a rule in some sports that allows players to enter and leave the game for other players many times during the course of a game, generally during a time-out or other break in live play; and for coaches to bring in and take out players an unlimited number of times.
Substitution (law), the replacement of a judge; Substitution (sport), where a sports team is able to change one player for another during a match; Substitution therapy or opiate replacement therapy; Import substitution industrialization, a trade and economic policy; Penal substitution, a theory of the atonement within Christian theology
Fake blood injuries have been used for tactical benefit, to enable teams to withdraw a player they may wish to bring back on later. A notable example was the "Bloodgate" incident, where Harlequins wing Tom Williams came off the field with what turned out to be a faked blood injury in order to facilitate a tactical substitution. An investigation ...
The substitution of absent players happened as early as the 1850s, for example from Eton College where the term emergencies is used. [5] Numerous references to players acting as a "substitute" occur in matches in the mid-1860s [6] where it is not indicated whether these were replacements of absent players or of players injured during the match.
A rule allowing unlimited substitution was initiated, with players now permitted to rest and return as many times as they wished per quarter. The limited pool of talented players was thus better conserved. This rules change had the corollary effect of opening the game to offensive and defensive specialization — the so-called "two-platoon" system.
Free substitution — apparently intended to help lesser players by allowing longer rest breaks — was implemented in a rule change made April 7, 1943, "for the duration" of the war effort. [7] This was paired with a one-year rule change made in August reducing the size of wartime NFL rosters from 33 players to 28, in an effort to reduce the ...
Sports medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with physical fitness and the treatment and prevention of injuries related to sports and exercise. Although most sports teams have employed team physicians for many years, it is only since the late 20th century that sports medicine emerged as a distinct field of health care.
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