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Water intoxication, also known as water poisoning, hyperhydration, overhydration, or water toxemia, is a potentially fatal disturbance in brain functions that can result when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside safe limits by excessive water intake. Under normal circumstances, accidentally consuming too much water ...
Frequency. >200 million [3] Arsenic poisoning (or arsenicosis) is a medical condition that occurs due to elevated levels of arsenic in the body. [4] If arsenic poisoning occurs over a brief period of time, symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, and watery diarrhea that contains blood. [1]
Vomiting (also known as emesis, puking and throwing up) [a] is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose. [ 1 ]
Hematemesis is the vomiting of blood. [1] This is usually vomit that contains bright red blood. [2] Coffee ground vomiting is similar to hematemesis, but is distinct in not involving bright red blood. [3] Hematemesis must be differentiated from hemoptysis (coughing up blood) and epistaxis (nosebleed). [4] Both of these are more common conditions.
Relatively common [ 6 ][ 7 ] Hyponatremia or hyponatraemia is a low concentration of sodium in the blood. [ 4 ] It is generally defined as a sodium concentration of less than 135 mmol/L (135 mEq/L), with severe hyponatremia being below 120 mEq/L. [ 3 ][ 8 ] Symptoms can be absent, mild or severe. [ 2 ][ 9 ] Mild symptoms include a decreased ...
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a type of fluid replacement used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhea. [1] It involves drinking water with modest amounts of sugar and salts, specifically sodium and potassium. [1] Oral rehydration therapy can also be given by a nasogastric tube. [1]
The LD 50 of nicotine is 50 mg/kg for rats and 3 mg/kg for mice. 0.5–1.0 mg/kg can be a lethal dosage for adult humans, and 0.1 mg/kg for children. [19] [20] However the widely used human LD 50 estimate of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg was questioned in a 2013 review, in light of several documented cases of humans surviving much higher doses; the 2013 review suggests that the lower limit causing fatal ...
Less-common side effects can include excess air or gas in your stomach, burping, heartburn, indigestion, fast heartbeat, low blood sugar, low energy and fatigue, or even gallstones, Dr. Comite says.