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The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes comprise about 16.6% and 8.6%, respectively, of India's population (according to the 2011 census). [ 10 ][ 11 ] The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 lists 1,108 castes across 28 states in its First Schedule, [ 12 ] and the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950 lists 744 tribes across 22 ...
The Other Backward Class (OBC) is a collective term used by the Government of India to classify communities that are "educationally or socially backward" (i.e., disadvantaged). It is one of several official classifications of the population of India, along with general castes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (SCs and STs).
t. e. Bar Council of India (BCI) is a statutory body established under section 4 of the Advocates Act 1961 that regulates the legal practice and legal education in India. Its members are elected from amongst the lawyers in India and represent the Indian bar. It prescribes standards of professional conduct, etiquettes and exercises disciplinary ...
Segmentation of society into groups whose membership was determined by birth. [ 36 ] A hierarchical system wherein generally the Brahmins were at the head of the hierarchy, but this hierarchy was disputed in some cases. In various linguistic areas, hundreds of castes had a gradation generally acknowledged by everyone.
The constitution gives the power to authorise the use of Hindi, or the state's official language in proceedings of the High Court to the Governor, rather than the state legislature and requires the Governor to obtain the consent of the President of India, who in these matters acts on the advice of the Government of India. The Official Languages ...
A stone plaque marking the jurisdiction of a village governed by the PESA Act. The Provisions of the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 abbreviated as PESA Act [1] is a law enacted by the Government of India for ensuring self governance through traditional Gram Sabhas for people living in the Scheduled Areas of India.
The term Dalit is a self-applied concept for those called the "untouchables" and others that were outside of the traditional Hindu caste hierarchy. [5] [6] Economist and reformer B. R. Ambedkar (1891–1956) said that untouchability came into Indian society around 400 CE, due to the struggle for supremacy between Buddhism and Brahmanism. [7]
The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (POA), 1989 was thus passed on 11 September 1989. The Act was notified in the Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Part II, sec. 3 (ii), dated 29 January 1990 (notification No. S.O. 106 (E)) and came into force on 30 January 1990. The rules were notified on 31 March 1995.