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Stonemasonry with andesite, Borobudur, Indonesia. Stonemasonryor stonecraftis the creation of buildings, structures, and sculptureusing stoneas the primary material. Stonemasonry is the craft of shaping and arranging stones, often together with mortarand even the ancient lime mortar, to wall or cover formed structures.
The rubble trench foundation, an ancient construction approach popularized by architect Frank Lloyd Wright, is a type of foundation that uses loose stone or rubble to minimize the use of concrete and improve drainage. [ 1 ] It is considered more environmentally friendly than other types of foundation because cement manufacturing requires the ...
Masonry is the craft of building a structure with brick, stone, or similar material, including mortar plastering which are often laid in, bound, and pasted together by mortar. The term masonry can also refer to the building units (stone, brick, etc.) themselves. The common materials of masonry construction are bricks and building stone, rocks ...
Quoin. Quoins (/ kɔɪn / or / kwɔɪn /) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. [1] Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble, [2] while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. [3] According to one 19th-century encyclopedia, these imply strength, permanence, and expense, all reinforcing ...
Course (architecture) A course is a layer of the same unit running horizontally in a wall. It can also be defined as a continuous row of any masonry unit such as bricks, concrete masonry units (CMU), stone, shingles, tiles, etc. [1] Coursed masonry construction arranges units in regular courses. Oppositely, coursed rubble masonry construction ...
Concrete recycling is the use of rubble from demolished concrete structures. Recycling is cheaper and more ecological than trucking rubble to a landfill. [ 1 ] Crushed rubble can be used for road gravel, revetments, retaining walls, landscaping gravel, or raw material for new concrete.
Ashlar (/ ˈæʃlər /) is a cut and dressed stone, worked using a chisel to achieve a specific form, typically rectangular in shape. The term can also refer to a structure built from such stones. [1] Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, and is generally rectangular (cuboid). It was described by Vitruvius as opus isodomum or trapezoidal.
The tomb, built of rubble masonry and red sandstone, uses white marble as a cladding material and also for the flooring, lattice screens , door frames, eaves , and the main dome. It stands on a vaulted terrace eight metres high and spread over 12,000m 2.