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A map of medieval universities. The university is generally regarded as a formal institution that has its origin in the Medieval Christian setting. [7] [8] For hundreds of years prior to the establishment of universities, European higher education took place in Christian cathedral schools and monastic schools (scholae monasticae), where monks and nuns taught classes.
European universities date from the founding of the University of Bologna in 1088 or the University of Paris (c. 1150–70). The original medieval universities arose from the Roman Catholic Church schools. Their purposes included training professionals, scientific investigation, improving society, and teaching critical thinking and research.
List of medieval universities. Mob Quad, late medieval quarters of Merton College, University of Oxford. Bologna University in Italy, established in 1088 A.D., is the world's oldest university in continuous operation. Established in 1224 by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, University of Naples Federico II in Italy is the world's oldest state ...
Monastic school. Monastic schools (Latin: Scholae monasticae) were, along with cathedral schools, the most important institutions of higher learning in the Latin West from the early Middle Ages until the 12th century. [1] Since Cassiodorus 's educational program, the standard curriculum incorporated religious studies, the Trivium, and the ...
The classical education movement or renewal advocates for a return to a traditional European education based on the liberal arts (including the natural sciences), the Western canons of classical literature, the fine arts, and the history of Western civilization. [ 1 ] It focuses on human formation and paideia with an early emphasis on music ...
The University of Northampton was based in Northampton, England, from 1261 to 1265. The university was established by royal charter after approval from King Henry III in 1261. It was the third university in England, after Oxford and Cambridge, and the 22nd in Europe. After being advised by bishops and magnates that Northampton was a threat to ...
Etymologically, the Latin word trivium means "the place where three roads meet" (tri + via); hence, the subjects of the trivium are the foundation for the quadrivium, the upper division of the medieval education in the liberal arts, which consists of arithmetic (numbers as abstract concepts), geometry (numbers in space), music (numbers in time), and astronomy (numbers in space and time).
To seek these principles, therefore, would be to seek God. European science in the Middle Agescomprised the study of nature, mathematics and natural philosophyin medievalEurope. Following the fall of the Western Roman Empireand the decline in knowledge of Greek, Christian Western Europewas cut off from an important source of ancient learning.