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2-Pyrrolidone, also known as 2-pyrrolidinone or butyrolactam, is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam, making it the simplest γ-lactam. It is a colorless liquid that is miscible with water and most common organic solvents.
Pyrrolidine, also known as tetrahydropyrrole, is an organic compound with the molecular formula (CH 2) 4 NH. It is a cyclic secondary amine , also classified as a saturated heterocycle . It is a colourless liquid that is miscible with water and most organic solvents.
N-Vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam ring linked to a (2 carbon) vinyl group. It is a colorless liquid although commercial samples can appear yellowish. It is produced industrially by vinylation of 2-pyrrolidone, i.e. the base-catalyzed reaction with acetylene. [2]
Racetams are 2-pyrrolidone derivatives and may sometimes be referred to simply as pyrrolidones (2-oxopyrrolidines). [1] Many, but not all, specifically have a 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide nucleus, which is the chemical structure of piracetam. Racetams are cyclic derivatives of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). [2]
Formyl functional group is shown in blue. Formylation refers to any chemical processes in which a compound is functionalized with a formyl group (-CH=O). In organic chemistry, the term is most commonly used with regards to aromatic compounds (for example the conversion of benzene to benzaldehyde in the Gattermann–Koch reaction).
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. It is miscible with water and with most common organic solvents. It also belongs to the class of dipolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.
The Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis is the reaction of β-ketoesters (1) with ammonia (or primary amines) and α-haloketones (2) to give substituted pyrroles (3). [ 13 ] [ 14 ] The Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis
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