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A block, a contiguous number of bytes, is the minimum unit of storage that is read from and written to a disk by a disk driver.The earliest disk drives had fixed block sizes (e.g. the IBM 350 disk storage unit (of the late 1950s) block size was 100 six-bit characters) but starting with the 1301 [8] IBM marketed subsystems that featured variable block sizes: a particular track could have blocks ...
A basic data partition can be formatted with any file system, although most commonly BDPs are formatted with the NTFS, exFAT, or FAT32 file systems. To programmatically determine which file system a BDP contains, Microsoft specifies that one should inspect the BIOS Parameter Block that is contained in the BDP's Volume Boot Record .
NTFS 1.1 1995: Windows 95: FAT16B with VFAT: 1996: Windows NT 4.0: NTFS 1.2 1998: Mac OS 8.1 / macOS: HFS Plus (HFS+) 1998: Windows 98: FAT32 with VFAT: 2000 SUSE Linux Enterprise 6.4 ReiserFS [1] [2] 2000: Windows Me: FAT32 with VFAT: 2000: Windows 2000: NTFS 3.0 2000: Ututo GNU/Linux: ext4: 2000: Knoppix: ext3: 2000: Red Hat Linux: ext3: 2001 ...
FAT16, FAT32, exFAT, NTFS, ReFS* and CSVFS [9] Windows XP SP3 or higher (x86, x64), Windows 10, Windows Server 2003 SP1, Windows Server 2019 [9] Yes Enterprise Console edition only Yes Yes Yes PerfectDisk 14 Build 900 (2021) [10] UltimateDefrag: DiskTrix Trialware [11] FAT32, NTFS Windows XP and later Yes Yes Yes Yes 6.1.2.0 (28 July 2021 ...
Like NTFS, exFAT can pre-allocate disk space for a file by just marking arbitrary space on disk as "allocated". For each file, exFAT uses two separate 64-bit fields in the directory: the valid data length (VDL), which indicates the real size of the file, and the physical data length.
Apple File System was announced at Apple's developers’ conference (WWDC) in June 2016 as a replacement for HFS+, which had been in use since 1998. [11] [12] APFS was released for 64-bit iOS devices on March 27, 2017, with the release of iOS 10.3, and for macOS devices on September 25, 2017, with the release of macOS 10.13.
File Allocation Table (FAT) is a file system developed for personal computers and was the default file system for the MS-DOS and Windows 9x operating systems. [citation needed] Originally developed in 1977 for use on floppy disks, it was adapted for use on hard disks and other devices.
Filesystems making use of a BIOS parameter block include FAT12 (except for in DOS 1.x), FAT16, FAT32, HPFS, and NTFS. Due to different types of fields and the amount of data they contain, the length of the BPB is different for FAT16, FAT32, and NTFS boot sectors. [ 1 ] (