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Phenylketonuria (PKU)-like symptoms, including more pronounced developmental defects, skin irritation, and vomiting, may appear when phenylalanine levels are near 20 mg/dL (1200 mol/L). [1] Hyperphenylalaninemia is a recessive hereditary metabolic disorder that is caused by the body's failure to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine as a result of ...
The average number of new cases of PKU varies in different human populations. United States Caucasians are affected at a rate of 1 in 10,000. [ 59 ] Turkey has the highest documented rate in the world, with 1 in 2,600 births, while countries such as Finland and Japan have extremely low rates with fewer than one case of PKU in 100,000 births.
The accumulation of propionic acid is known to induce differential responses in different organs. The heart and liver are specific targets of the complication. The patient may need to be hospitalized to prevent breakdown of proteins within the body. Dietary needs must be closely managed. [citation needed]
Post-acute infection syndromes (PAISs) or post-infectious syndromes are medical conditions characterized by symptoms attributed to a prior infection. While it is commonly assumed that people either recover or die from infections, long-term symptoms—or sequelae —are a possible outcome as well. [ 1 ]
Vector-borne diseases are infections caused by parasites, viruses and bacteria which are carried by animals (called vectors). Animal vectors are most commonly arthropods such as mosquitoes, ticks, midges, sand-flies and fleas. Interaction with these animal vectors may cause the infection to be transmitted to humans and other animals. [9]
Protein undernutrition is detrimental at any point in life, but protein undernutrition prenatally has been shown to have significant lifelong effects. Diets that consist of less than 6% protein in utero have been linked with many deficits, including decreased brain weight, increased obesity, and impaired communication within the brain in some ...
[21] [22] Dogs may have side effects that include: joint pain, loss of appetite, vomiting, flatulence (intestinal gas), fungal infections and digestive problems. [23] Like humans, dogs can have a similar side effect related to developing a serious allergy. A serious and possibly fatal anaphylactic can occur.
Hippuric acid has long been used as an indicator of toluene exposure; [14] however, there appears to be some doubt about its validity. [15] There is significant endogenous hippuric acid production by humans; which shows inter- and intra-individual variation influenced by factors such as diet, medical treatment, alcohol consumption, etc. [15] This suggests that hippuric acid may be an ...