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Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, [7] is a contagious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. [1] Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs , but it can also affect other parts of the body. [ 1 ]
M. tuberculosis can also grow on the lipid cholesterol as a sole source of carbon, and genes involved in the cholesterol use pathway(s) have been validated as important during various stages of the infection lifecycle of M. tuberculosis, especially during the chronic phase of infection when other nutrients are likely not available. [47]
Tuberculous pericarditis is caused by infection with the bacterial species Mycobacterium tuberculosis. [1] Bacteria enter the body through inhalation and are ingested by white blood cells called macrophages. [1] Surviving bacteria multiply and can spread to other areas of the body. This can occur through the lymphatic system, blood, or via ...
Because MDR tuberculosis is an airborne pathogen, persons with active, pulmonary tuberculosis caused by a multidrug-resistant strain can transmit the disease if they are alive and coughing. [41] TB strains are often less fit and less transmissible, and outbreaks occur more readily in people with weakened immune systems (e.g., patients with HIV).
TB disease appears when the immune response is unable to stop the growth of mycobacteria.Normally CD4+ helper T-cells secrete the cytokine IFN-γ which recruits macrophages and stimulates them to destroy tuberculosis bacteria and surround them, forming a granuloma to prevent spread of infection. [2]
U.S. tuberculosis cases reached their highest level in a decade in 2023, and this year, infections have shown up in schools in Pennsylvania and Las Vegas, and upticks have caused alarm in Chicago ...
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Before pasteurizations were widely used, people were getting seriously ill with diseases linked to harmful bacteria found in milk (think: typhoid fever, scarlet fever, tuberculosis).