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Tinea capitis caused by species of Microsporum and Trichophyton is a contagious disease that is endemic in many countries. Affecting primarily pre- pubertal children between 6 and 10 years, it is more common in males than females; rarely does the disease persist past age sixteen. [ 17 ]
Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used for a number of fungal infections. [5] This includes candidiasis , blastomycosis , coccidioidomycosis , cryptococcosis , histoplasmosis , dermatophytosis , and tinea versicolor . [ 5 ]
Common examples of fungal infections include Pityriasis capitis (Dandruff). Oral candidiasis (oral thrush), onychomycosis (nail infection), tinea pedis (athlete's foot), Pityriasis Versicolor, tinea capitis, tinea corporis (ringworm), tinea cruris (jock itch) and tinea manuum. Most antifungal agents treat both dermatophyte and yeast infections.
Treatment of tinea capitis requires an oral antifungal agent; griseofulvin is the most commonly used drug, but other newer antimycotic drugs, such as terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole have started to gain acceptance, topical treatment include selenium sulfide shampoo.
Tinea pedis + onychomycosis, Tinea corporis, Tinea capitis are the most common dermatophytosis found in humans across the world. [34] Tinea capitis has a greater prevalence in children. [31] The increasing prevalence of dermatophytes resulting in Tinea capitis has been causing epidemics throughout Europe and America. [34]
Tinea capitis is seen in tropical, rural and suburban regions. [10] In the 19th and early 20th centuries, M. audouinii was the primary fungus responsible for Tinea capitis throughout the US and Western Europe. [10] [11] With the advent of antimycotic agents, its prevalence has decreased. [10]
Tinea versicolor (also pityriasis versicolor) is a condition characterized by a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities. [1] The majority of tinea versicolor is caused by the fungus Malassezia globosa , although Malassezia furfur is responsible for a small number of cases.
[3] [6] Superficial fungal infections include common tinea of the skin, such as tinea of the body, groin, hands, feet and beard, and yeast infections such as pityriasis versicolor. [7] Subcutaneous types include eumycetoma and chromoblastomycosis, which generally affect tissues in and beneath the skin.
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