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  2. Miranda warning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_warning

    The court has similarly held that a person who voluntarily comes to the police station for purposes of questioning is not in custody and thus not entitled to Miranda warnings particularly when the police advise the suspect that he is not under arrest and free to leave. [Note 7] 4. The evidence must have been the product of interrogation. [43]

  3. Stop and identify statutes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_and_identify_statutes

    A detention requires only that police have reasonable suspicion that a person is involved in criminal activity. However, to make an arrest, an officer must have probable cause to believe that the person has committed a crime. Some states require police to inform the person of the intent to make the arrest and the cause for the arrest. [19]

  4. Custodial interrogation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Custodial_interrogation

    The United States Supreme Court has clarified that a person is being subjected to a custodial interrogation if "a reasonable person would have felt he or she was not at liberty to terminate the interrogation and leave." Thompson v. Keohane, 516 U.S. 99, 112 (1995). This test is objective and thus does not depend on the individual suspect's ...

  5. Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Amendment_to_the...

    A person subjected to a routine traffic stop on the other hand, has been seized, but is not "arrested" because traffic stops are a relatively brief encounter and are more analogous to a Terry stop than to a formal arrest. [82] If a person is not under suspicion of illegal behavior, a law enforcement official is not allowed to place an ...

  6. Searches incident to a lawful arrest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Searches_incident_to_a...

    Search incident to a lawful arrest, commonly known as search incident to arrest (SITA) or the Chimel rule (from Chimel v.California), is a U.S. legal principle that allows police to perform a warrantless search of an arrested person, and the area within the arrestee’s immediate control, in the interest of officer safety, the prevention of escape, and the preservation of evidence.

  7. Are citizens’ arrests legal in Texas? State law is blurry and ...

    www.aol.com/citizens-arrests-texas-legal-lines...

    Article 14.01 of the Texas Code of Criminal Procedure states that a peace officer “or other person” can make an arrest without a warrant when an offense is committed in their presence or ...

  8. Arrest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrest

    Under section 50(1) of the Police Force Ordinance, a police officer can "apprehend" (i.e. arrest) a person if he reasonably suspects the person being arrested is guilty of an offence. Whether there is such a reasonable suspicion in a particular case is to be determined objectively by reference to facts and information which the arresting ...

  9. Right to silence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_silence

    The person arrested, detained, invited or under custodial investigation must be informed in a language known to and understood by him of the reason for the arrest and he must be shown the warrant of arrest, if any; Every other warnings, information or communication must be in a language known to and understood by said person;