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The Filipino language incorporated Spanish loanwords as a result of 333 years of contact with the Spanish language. In their analysis of José Villa Panganiban's Talahuluganang Pilipino-Ingles (Pilipino-English dictionary), Llamzon and Thorpe (1972) pointed out that 33% of word root entries are of Spanish origin.
Philippine English also borrows words from Philippine languages, especially native plant and animal names (e.g. ampalaya and balimbing), and cultural concepts with no exact English equivalents such as kilig and bayanihan. Some borrowings from Philippine languages have entered mainstream English, such as abaca and ylang-ylang.
Tagalog; ไทย; Türkçe ... List of English words of Australian Aboriginal origin; List of loanwords in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic; B. List of Bhojpuri words of ...
Words like "dalamhati" and "luwalhati" are modern loans, since "hati" (Malays consider emotions as coming from the liver, not the heart) is already an old cognate of "atay" yet the words use the Malay form "hati" instead of the Philippine form "atay", and the fact that "dalam" and "luar" have equivalents in Tagalog ("loob" and "labas") and ...
The calques manifest themselves as idioms and expressions and many have gone on to become clichés. However standalone words are very few. The following is a list of commonly used calque phrases/expressions.All of these are exact translations of the corresponding English phrases. Simha bhagam (സിംഹ ഭാഗം) lion's share
For Old English-derived words, see List of English words of Old English origin. English words of African origin; List of English words of Afrikaans origin. List of South African English regionalisms; List of South African slang words; List of English words from indigenous languages of the Americas; List of English words of Arabic origin
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The word calque is a loanword, while the word loanword is a calque: calque comes from the French noun calque ("tracing; imitation; close copy"); [5] while the word loanword and the phrase loan translation are translated from German nouns Lehnwort [6] and Lehnübersetzung (German: [ˈleːnʔybɐˌzɛt͡sʊŋ] ⓘ). [7]