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Nothing by mouth is an American medical instruction meaning to withhold food and fluids. It is also known as nil per os (npo or NPO), a Latin phrase that translates to English as "nothing through the mouth". Nil by mouth is the term used in the UK (NBM), nihil/non/nulla per os, or complete bowel rest. [1]
Meaning [1] Latin (or Neo-Latin) origin [1] a.c. before meals: ante cibum a.d., ad, AD right ear auris dextra a.m., am, AM morning: ante meridiem: nocte every night Omne Nocte a.s., as, AS left ear auris sinistra a.u., au, AU both ears together or each ear aures unitas or auris uterque b.d.s, bds, BDS 2 times a day bis die sumendum b.i.d., bid, BID
This is a list of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions, including hospital orders (the patient-directed part of which is referred to as sig codes). This list does not include abbreviations for pharmaceuticals or drug name suffixes such as CD, CR, ER, XT (See Time release technology § List of abbreviations for those).
Pronunciation follows convention outside the medical field, in which acronyms are generally pronounced as if they were a word (JAMA, SIDS), initialisms are generally pronounced as individual letters (DNA, SSRI), and abbreviations generally use the expansion (soln. = "solution", sup. = "superior").
Nil per os, Latin for "nothing by mouth", a medical instruction to withhold oral intake of food and fluids; neurogenic pulmonary oedema; Science
The patient is kept NPO (nil per os) or NBM (nothing by mouth) for at least 4 hours before the procedure. Most patients tolerate the procedure with only topical anesthesia of the oropharynx using lidocaine spray. However, some patients may need sedation and the very anxious/agitated patient may even need a general anesthetic.
NPO: nil per os (nothing by mouth) NPPV: noninvasive positive pressure ventilation NPT: neuropsychiatric testing NPTAC: no previous tracing available for comparison NPV: negative predictive value NRB: non-rebreather mask: NRBC: nucleated red blood cells NREM: non–rapid eye movement: NRT nicotine replacement therapy: n.s. not significant: NS ...
Per os (/ ˌ p ɜːr ˈ oʊ s /; P.O.) is an adverbial phrase meaning literally from Latin "through the mouth" or "by mouth". The expression is used in medicine to describe a treatment that is taken orally (but not used in the mouth such as, for example, caries prophylaxis). [2] The abbreviation P.O. is often used on medical prescriptions ...