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The skull was near triangular in side view, and the toothless beak was robust and pointed. The front of the jaws had deep neurovascular foramina and grooves, associated with the keratinous rhamphotheca (horn-covered beak). The skull was rather robust, with deep jaws, especially the mandible.
Members of the group possessed a horny, typically toothless beak, unique amongst all synapsids. Dicynodonts first appeared in Southern Pangaea during the mid-Permian, ca. 270–260 million years ago, and became globally distributed and the dominant herbivorous animals in the Late Permian, ca. 260–252 Mya.
Ornithomimids were long-legged, bipedal, ostrich-like dinosaurs with toothless beaks. The type species , Struthiomimus altus , is one of the more common, smaller dinosaurs found in Dinosaur Provincial Park ; their overall abundance—in addition to their toothless beak—suggests that these animals were mainly herbivorous or (more likely ...
Ornithomimus was a swift, bipedal dinosaur which fossil evidence indicates was covered in feathers and equipped with a small toothless beak that may indicate an omnivorous diet. It is usually classified into two species: the type species, Ornithomimus velox, and a referred species, Ornithomimus edmontonicus.
The skulls of ornithomimosaurs were small, with large eyes, above relatively long and slender necks. The most basal members of the taxon (such as Pelecanimimus and Harpymimus) had a jaw with small teeth, while the later and more derived species had a toothless beak. [10] The fore limbs ("arms") were long and slender and bore powerful claws.
The lower jaw typically carried 5 or 6 teeth, and had a toothless beak on the end. [2] The dentary was about half the length of the lower jaw, with the front portion being toothless and covered by a horny sheath. [2] Behind the dentary was a moderately large mandibular fenestra. Individuals of Desmatosuchus were heavily armored.
A leptoceratopsid distinguished by the presence of claws instead of hooves and having teeth in its upper jaw instead of a toothless beak. †Nedoceratops †Nedoceratops hatcheri; 67–66 Ma Lance Formation, Wyoming, USA A chasmosaurine ceratopsid that may be a specimen of Triceratops. †Ojoceratops †Ojoceratops fowleri; 68 Ma
The front of the jaws were covered by a toothless keratinous beak (or rhamphotheca). The upper beak covered the front of the premaxilla bone and the lower beak covered the predentary, which are, respectively, the foremost bones of the upper and lower jaw in ornithischians. This is evidenced by the rough surfaces on these structures.