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A heavily damaged piling structure can be reinforced by cutting out the damaged section and replacing it with preservative-treated wood. [14] Wrapping piles with plastic barriers can provide protection from marine borers for 25 years or more. [14] Pile reinforcement with concrete can be sufficient by filling the void with coarse stone and ...
The PTI preservative imparts very little color to the wood. Producers generally add a color agent or a trace amount of copper solution so as to identify the wood as pressure treated and to better match the color of other pressure treated wood products. The PTI wood products are very well adapted for paint and stain applications with no bleed ...
A cost estimator will typically use estimating software to estimate their bid price for a project, which will ultimately become part of a resulting construction contract. Some architects, engineers, construction managers, and others may also use cost estimating software to prepare cost estimates for purposes other than bidding such as budgeting ...
A pivot table in BOEMax, a Basis of Estimate software package. To create a BOE companies, throughout the past few decades, have used spreadsheet programs and skilled cost analysts to enter thousands of lines of data and create complex algorithms to calculate the costs. These positions require a high level of skill to ensure accuracy and ...
A Allocation of costs is the transfer of costs from one cost item to one or more other cost items. Allowance - a value in an estimate to cover the cost of known but not yet fully defined work. As-sold estimate - the estimate which matches the agreed items and price for the project scope. B Basis of estimate (BOE) - a document which describes the scope basis, pricing basis, methods ...
A cost estimate is the approximation of the cost of a program, project, or operation. The cost estimate is the product of the cost estimating process. The cost estimate has a single total value and may have identifiable component values. A problem with a cost overrun can be avoided with a credible, reliable, and accurate cost estimate. A cost ...
The mixture is infused into wood at high pressure. [ 4 ] In the treated wood, arsenic is believed to be in the form of chromium (III) arsenate CrAsO 4 and/or copper(II) arsenate Cu 3 (AsO 4 ) 2 , or fairly stable chromium dimer-arsenic clusters.
In the United States, pilings are mainly cut from southern yellow pines and Douglas-fir. Treated pilings are available in chromated copper arsenate retentions of 0.60, 0.80 and 2.50 pounds per cubic foot (9.6, 12.8 and 40.0 kg/m 3) if treatment is required.