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A threshold model used in toxicology posits that anything above a certain dose of a toxin is dangerous, and anything below it safe. This model is usually applied to non-carcinogenic health hazards. Edward J. Calabrese and Linda A. Baldwin wrote: The threshold dose-response model is widely viewed as the most dominant model in toxicology. [6]
The point at which critical mass is achieved is sometimes referred to as a threshold within the threshold model of statistical modeling. The term "critical mass" is borrowed from nuclear physics, where it refers to the amount of a substance needed to sustain a chain reaction. Within social sciences, critical mass has its roots in sociology and ...
Threshold dose is the minimum dose of drug that triggers minimal detectable biological effect in an animal. [1] At extremely low doses, biological responses are absent for some of the drugs. The increase in dose above threshold dose induces an increase in the percentage of biological responses. [ 2 ]
A classification model (classifier or diagnosis [7]) is a mapping of instances between certain classes/groups.Because the classifier or diagnosis result can be an arbitrary real value (continuous output), the classifier boundary between classes must be determined by a threshold value (for instance, to determine whether a person has hypertension based on a blood pressure measure).
To describe and understand global cascades, a network-based threshold model has been proposed by Duncan J. Watts in 2002. [1] The model is motivated by considering a population of individuals who must make a decision between two alternatives, and their choices depend explicitly on other people's states or choices.
The Threshold GARCH (TGARCH) model by Zakoian (1994) is similar to GJR GARCH. ... which is then called the continuous-time GARCH (COGARCH) model. [13] ...
In many real world applications, a first-hitting-time (FHT) model has three underlying components: (1) a parent stochastic process {()}, which might be latent, (2) a threshold (or the barrier) and (3) a time scale. The first hitting time is defined as the time when the stochastic process first reaches the threshold.
The model is sometimes referred to as the Rating Scale Model when (i) items have the same number of thresholds and (ii) in turn, the difference between any given threshold location and the mean of the threshold locations is equal or uniform across items. This is, however, a potentially misleading name for the model because it is far more ...