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The zygomaticofacial nerve penetrates [dubious – discuss] the inferolateral angle of the orbit, emerging into the face through [2]: 631 the zygomaticofacial foramen, [2]: 615 then penetrates the orbicularis oculi muscle to reach [2]: 631 and innervate the skin of the prominence of the cheek. [2]: 631 [3]
The zygomatic nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve (itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)). It arises in the pterygopalatine fossa and enters the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure before dividing into its two terminal branches: the zygomaticotemporal nerve and zygomaticofacial nerve.
The zygomatic process of the maxilla [2] is a rough triangular eminence, situated at the angle of separation of the anterior, zygomatic, and orbital surfaces. In front it forms part of the anterior surface. Behind it is concave, and forms part of the infratemporal fossa. Above it is rough and serrated for articulation with the zygomatic bone.
The zygomaticus major muscle raises the upper lip to bare the upper teeth. It additionally deepens and raises the nasolabial furrow. Acting in conjunction with other muslces of facial expression that elevate the lip, it curls the upper lip to produce facial expressions such as smiling, disdain, contempt, or smugness. [2]
The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (malar branches) are nerves of the face.They run across the zygomatic bone to the lateral angle of the orbit.Here, they supply the orbicularis oculi muscle, and join with filaments from the lacrimal nerve and the zygomaticofacial branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2).
Although it is mostly in the neck and can be grouped with the neck muscles by location, it can be considered a muscle of facial expression due to its common nerve supply. The stylohyoid muscle, stapedius and posterior belly of the digastric muscle are also supplied by the facial nerve, but are not considered muscles of facial expression.
The temporal fossa is a fossa (shallow depression) on the side of the skull bounded by the temporal lines above, and the zygomatic arch below. Its floor is formed by the outer surfaces of four bones of the skull.
[1] [2] The squamous part is the largest and most superiorly positioned relative to the rest of the bone. The zygomatic process is a long, arched process projecting from the lower region of the squamous part and it articulates with the zygomatic bone. Posteroinferior to the squamous is the mastoid part.