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A deep blue colored wave viewed from the water surface near Encinitas, California, United States. The Pacific Ocean contains some of the most deep blue colored waters in the world. The reason that open-ocean waters appear blue is that they are very clear, somewhat similar to pure water, and have few materials present or very tiny particles only.
From space, oceans appear so dark as to be almost black. This is an image taken by the MODIS instruments of the Gulf of Mexico . The hue of the reflected sky contributes to the perceived azure color of water, but most of the cyan color comes from the intrinsic color of water scattered back up to the surface by small suspended particles.
Milky sea effect off the coast of Somalia in the Indian Ocean. Milky seas, sometimes confused with mareel, are a luminous phenomenon in the ocean in which large areas of seawater (up to 100,000 km 2 or 39,000 sq mi [1]) appear to glow diffusely and continuously (in varying shades of blue).
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All particles scatter light to some extent, including plankton, minerals, and detritus. Particle size effects how much scattering happens at different colors; for example, very small particles scatter light exponentially more in the blue colors than other colors, which is why the ocean and the sky are generally blue (called Rayleigh scattering ...
Shorter wavelengths penetrate further, with blue and green light reaching the deepest depths. [6] This is why things appear blue underwater: how colours are perceived by the eye depends on the wavelengths of light that are received by the eye. An object appears red to the eye because it reflects red light and absorbs other colours.
Three main camouflage methods predominate in the oceans: transparency, [5] reflection, and counterillumination. [6] [1] Transparency and reflectivity are most important in the top 100 metres of the ocean; counterillumination is the main method from 100 metres down to 1000 metres; while camouflage becomes less important in the dark waters below 1000 metres. [6]
The oceans are not just a marine habitat. They are also a workplace, a highway, a prison, a grocery store, a trash can, a cemetery — and much more. Why we need to think about the oceans differently