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Terrestrial microwave relay links are limited in distance to the visual horizon, a few tens of miles or kilometers depending on tower height. Tropospheric scatter ("troposcatter" or "scatter") was a technology developed in the 1950s to allow microwave communication links beyond the horizon, to a range of several hundred kilometers. The ...
Microwave engineering pertains to the study and design of microwave circuits, components, and systems. Fundamental principles are applied to analysis, design and measurement techniques in this field. The short wavelengths involved distinguish this discipline from electronic engineering. This is because there are different interactions with ...
CableFree Fixed Wireless Microwave Backhaul links deployed for mobile operators in the Middle East. These microwave links typically carry a mix of Ethernet /IP, TDM (Nx E1) and SDH traffic to connect sites with high capacity. Such microwave links used to carry 2xE1 (4 Mbit/s) now carry 800 Mbit/s or more, using modern 1024QAM or higher ...
A microwave (6 to 18 GHz) Phase Shifter and Frequency Translator A phase shift module is a microwave network module which provides a controllable phase shift of the RF signal . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Phase shifters are used in phased arrays .
Radio links can also be digital, or the older analog type, or a hybrid of the two. Even on older all-analog systems, multiple audio and data channels can be sent using subcarriers. Stations that employ an STL usually also have a transmitter/studio link (TSL) to return telemetry information.
Some types of outdoor microwave radios have integrated orthomode transducers and operate in both polarities from a single radio unit, performing cross-polarization interference cancellation within the radio unit itself. Alternatively, the orthomode transducer may be built into the antenna, and allow connection of separate radios, or separate ...
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In radio-frequency engineering and communications engineering, a waveguide is a hollow metal pipe used to carry radio waves. [1] This type of waveguide is used as a transmission line mostly at microwave frequencies, for such purposes as connecting microwave transmitters and receivers to their antennas, in equipment such as microwave ovens, radar sets, satellite communications, and microwave ...