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In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic al-kuḥl 'the kohl'), [2] is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom. [3] [4] Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol, to complex, like sugar alcohols and cholesterol. The presence of an OH group strongly ...
The IUPAC name of alcohols can derive from the following rules: Identify the longest carbon chain, and number each carbon. Name the base alkane according to the organic nomenclature rules. Identify the hydroxyl group and which carbon it is on. To be alcohol, the -OH must be bonded to a carbon.
A primary alcohol is an alcohol in which the hydroxy group is bonded to a primary carbon atom. It can also be defined as a molecule containing a “–CH 2 OH” group. [ 1 ] In contrast, a secondary alcohol has a formula “–CHROH” and a tertiary alcohol has a formula “–CR 2 OH”, where “R” indicates a carbon-containing group.
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikimedia Commons ... This list is ordered by the number of carbon atoms in an alcohol. C1. Methanol; C2 ...
Chemical nomenclature however (with IUPAC nomenclature as the best example) is necessarily more restrictive: Its purpose is to standardize communication and practice so that, when a chemical term is used it has a fixed meaning relating to chemical structure, thereby giving insights into chemical properties and derived molecular functions. These ...
Geminal diols are a subclass of the diols, which in turn are a special class of alcohols. Most of the geminal diols are considered unstable. The simplest geminal diol is methanediol CH 4 O 2 or H 2 C(OH) 2. Other examples are: dihydroxymalinic acid (HOOC) 2 C(OH) 2; decahydroxycyclopentane (C(OH) 2) 5; chloral hydrate (Cl 3 C)HC(OH) 2.
These rules were the beginning of international cooperation for organic chemistry nomenclature. [1] They were decided upon by a group of 34 of leading chemists from 9 different European nations. Their goal was to provide rules for the naming of aliphatic compounds, some of which are still in place today such as the longest chain provides the ...
This category is about alcohol as it pertains to organic chemistry. For more information on human consumption of ethanol , see Category:Alcohol and Category:Alcoholic drinks . Pages in this category should be moved to subcategories where applicable.