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In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic al-kuḥl 'the kohl'), [2] is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom. [3] [4] Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol, to complex, like sugar alcohols and cholesterol. The presence of an OH group strongly ...
Geminal diols are a subclass of the diols, which in turn are a special class of alcohols. Most of the geminal diols are considered unstable. The simplest geminal diol is methanediol CH 4 O 2 or H 2 C(OH) 2. Other examples are: dihydroxymalinic acid (HOOC) 2 C(OH) 2; decahydroxycyclopentane (C(OH) 2) 5; chloral hydrate (Cl 3 C)HC(OH) 2.
A primary alcohol is an alcohol in which the hydroxy group is bonded to a primary carbon atom. It can also be defined as a molecule containing a “–CH 2 OH” group. [ 1 ] In contrast, a secondary alcohol has a formula “–CHROH” and a tertiary alcohol has a formula “–CR 2 OH”, where “R” indicates a carbon-containing group.
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For example, (CH 3) 2 CHCH 2 CH 3 (isopentane) is named 2-methylbutane, not 3-methylbutane. If there are multiple side-branches of the same size alkyl group, their positions are separated by commas and the group prefixed with multiplier prefixes depending on the number of branches. For example, C(CH 3) 4 (neopentane) is named 2,2 ...
Chemical nomenclature however (with IUPAC nomenclature as the best example) is necessarily more restrictive: Its purpose is to standardize communication and practice so that, when a chemical term is used it has a fixed meaning relating to chemical structure, thereby giving insights into chemical properties and derived molecular functions. These ...
This category is about alcohol as it pertains to organic chemistry. For more information on human consumption of ethanol , see Category:Alcohol and Category:Alcoholic drinks . Pages in this category should be moved to subcategories where applicable.
International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients; International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; IUPAC Color Books; IUPAC Inorganic Chemistry Division; IUPAC nomenclature for organic chemical transformations; IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry; IUPAC nomenclature of ...