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Word clock is so named because it clocks each audio sample. Samples are represented in data words. S/PDIF, AES/EBU, MADI, ADAT, and TDIF are some of the formats that use a word clock. Various audio over Ethernet systems use communication protocols to distribute word clock. The device which generates the word clock is the clock source for all ...
The signal labelled "word clock" in the TDIF-1 spec is delayed 270 degrees (90 degrees advanced) with respect to the word clock visible from the BNC word clock output. This is because the TDIF-1 spec was derived from the digital audio transmitter of the NEC uPD6381 DSP used in the DA-88.
In this application, the connection is referred to as a Digital Audio Reference Signal (DARS). Further recommendations are made concerning the accuracy of sample clocks as embodied in the interface signal and the use of this format as a convenient synchronization reference where signals must be rendered co-timed for digital processing.
The bit clock pulses once for each discrete bit of data on the data lines. The bit clock frequency is the product of the sample rate, the number of bits per channel and the number of channels. So, for example, CD Audio with a sample frequency of 44.1 kHz, with 16 bits of precision and two channels (stereo) has a bit clock frequency of:
bits 4–7: Used to indicate the format of the user channel word; Byte 2: Audio word length bits 0–2: Aux bits usage. This indicates how the aux bits (time slots 4–7) are used. Generally set to 000 2 (unused) or 001 2 (used for 24-bit audio data). bits 3–5: Word length. Specifies the sample size, relative to the 20- or 24-bit maximum.
All DASH recorders primarily use the SDIF-2 (Sony Digital Interface Format-2) as a digital interface, which is slightly different from the S/PDIF or AES3 that nearly all other digital audio recorders use, but is technically superior because SDIF-2's word clock is not multiplexed into the bitstream.
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AES50 is a point-to-point interconnect which carries multiple channels of AES3, PCM or DSD bitstream formats, along with system clock and synchronisation signals, over Cat 5 cable using 100 Mbit/s Fast Ethernet physical layer. AES50 uses the four pairs of the Cat 5 cable in the 8P8C connector: Audio data transmit + Audio data transmit –