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Pulpitis is inflammation of dental pulp tissue. The pulp contains the blood vessels, the nerves, and connective tissue inside a tooth and provides the tooth's blood and nutrients. Pulpitis is mainly caused by bacterial infection which itself is a secondary development of caries (tooth decay). It manifests itself in the form of a toothache. [1]
A pulp polyp, also known as chronic hyperplastic pulpitis, is a "productive" (i.e., growing) inflammation of dental pulp in which the development of granulation tissue is seen in response to persistent, low-grade mechanical irritation and bacterial invasion of the pulp.
Irreversible pulpitis is thought to be the most common reason that people seek emergency dental treatment. [50] Since dental caries associated with pulpitis is the most common cause, toothache is more common in populations that are at higher risk of dental caries.
Periapical periodontitis of some form is a very common condition. The prevalence of periapical periodontitis is generally reported to vary according to age group, e.g. 33% in those aged 20–30, 40% in 30- to 40-year-olds, 48% in 40- to 50-year-olds, 57% in 50- to 60-year-olds and 62% in those over the age of 60. [13]
The cause of condensing osteitis is not clear, but it is thought to happen due to irritation or inflammation that increases osteoblastic activity. [4] Chronic pulpitis is one of the main factors. This is when bacteria enters the pulp of the tooth, often from untreated cavities.
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Resorption of the root of the tooth, or root resorption, is the progressive loss of dentin and cementum by the action of odontoclasts. [4] Root resorption is a normal physiological process that occurs in the exfoliation of the primary dentition.
It can affect people of any age, although those aged 20–50 years are more likely to be affected. [3] Females are slightly more likely to develop dentin hypersensitivity compared to males. [ 3 ] The condition is most commonly associated with the maxillary and mandibular canine and bicuspid teeth on the facial (buccal) aspect, [ 3 ] especially ...