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Canine distemper virus (CDV) (sometimes termed "footpad disease") is a viral disease that affects a wide variety of mammal families, [2] including domestic and wild species of dogs, coyotes, foxes, pandas, wolves, ferrets, skunks, raccoons, and felines, as well as pinnipeds, some primates, and a variety of other species. CDV does not affect humans.
Viral shedding is the expulsion and release of virus progeny following successful reproduction during a host cell infection. Once replication has been completed and the host cell is exhausted of all resources in making viral progeny, the viruses may begin to leave the cell by several methods .
Vaccine shedding is a form of viral shedding [1] [2] which can occasionally occur following a viral infection caused by an attenuated (or "live virus") vaccine. Illness in others resulting from transmission through this type of viral shedding is rare. [3] [4] The idea of shedding is a popular anti-vaccination myth. [5]
Dogs with CPV are at risk of intussusception, a condition where part of the intestine prolapses into another part. [3] Three to four days following infection, the virus is shed in the feces for up to three weeks, and the dog may remain an asymptomatic carrier and shed the virus periodically. [24]
Kennel cough is so named because the infection can spread quickly among dogs in the close quarters of a kennel or animal shelter. Viral and bacterial causes of canine cough are spread through airborne droplets produced by sneezing and coughing. These agents also spread through contact with contaminated surfaces.
The disease is highly contagious and is spread through the feces of infected dogs, who usually shed the virus for six to nine days, but sometimes for six months following infection. [6] Symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, and anorexia. Diagnosis is through detection of virus particles in the feces.
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The virus originated in cats, the vector of feline panleukopenia, but a mutation that changed just two amino acids in the viral capsid protein VP2 [14] allowed it to cross the species barrier, and dogs, unlike cats, had no resistance to the disease. [15] Canine distemper virus is closely related to measles virus and is the most important viral ...
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