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The Afrikaanse Woordelys en Spelreëls (AWS) is a publication of the Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns and comprises three main sections: spelling rules, a list of words, and a list of abbreviations for Afrikaans. The first edition appeared in 1917, and regular revisions have been undertaken since then.
There are also several English words derived from Cape Dutch, a forerunner of Afrikaans: hartebeest (modern Afrikaans equivalent is hartebees) scoff/skoff [7] (as in scoffing food): from Cape Dutch schoff, the word did not find its way into modern Afrikaans; veldt borrowed again by English in the modern form veld
In modern Afrikaans, these words are always written in lower case (except if the entire line is uppercase), and if they occur at the beginning of a sentence, the next word is capitalised. Three examples of such apostrophed words are 'k, 't, 'n. The last (the indefinite article) is the only apostrophed word that is common in modern written ...
For example, Afrikaans: Hy het 'n huis gekoop. Dutch: Hij heeft een huis gekocht. English: He (has) bought a house. Relative clauses usually begin with the pronoun "wat", used both for personal and non-personal antecedents. For example, Afrikaans: Die man wat hier gebly het was ʼn Amerikaner. Dutch: De man die hier bleef was een Amerikaan.
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The Handwoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal (HAT) is a shorter, concise Afrikaans explanatory dictionary in a single volume, compared to the comprehensive Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal (WAT), similar to the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary. The project was begun in 1926 by Prof. J. J. Smith of Stellenbosch ...
The word calque is a loanword, while the word loanword is a calque: calque comes from the French noun calque ("tracing; imitation; close copy"); [5] while the word loanword and the phrase loan translation are translated from German nouns Lehnwort [6] and Lehnübersetzung (German: [ˈleːnʔybɐˌzɛt͡sʊŋ] ⓘ). [7]
For example, Lass (1984), states that the onset of /œu/ is central [ɵu]. [43] In some words which, in English, are pronounced with /əʊ̯/, the Afrikaans equivalent tends to be pronounced with /œʊ̯/, rather than /ʊə/. That happens because Afrikaans /œʊ̯/ is more similar to the usual South African realization of English /əʊ̯/. [41]