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Copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) is a quaternary semiconducting compound which has received increasing interest since the late 2000s for applications in thin film solar cells. The class of related materials includes other I 2 -II-IV-VI 4 such as copper zinc tin selenide (CZTSe) and the sulfur-selenium alloy CZTSSe.
Copper zinc antimony sulfide, CZAS: Cu 1.18 Zn 0.40 Sb 1.90 S 7.2: 2.2 [48] direct: Copper zinc antimony sulfide is derived from copper antimony sulfide (CAS), a famatinite class of compound. other: 3: Copper tin sulfide, CTS: Cu 2 SnS 3: 0.91 [20] direct: Cu 2 SnS 3 is p-type semiconductor and it can be used in thin film solar cell application.
The institute first focused on copper sulfide/cadmium sulfide (Cu 2 S/CdS) cells and later expanded to zinc phosphide (Zn 3 P 2) and amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin-films as well in 1975. [6] In 1973, the IEC debuted a solar-powered house, Solar One, in the first example of residential building-integrated photovoltaics. [ 7 ]
Other thin-film technologies, that are still in an early stage of ongoing research or with limited commercial availability, are often classified as emerging or third generation photovoltaic cells and include, organic, dye-sensitized, and polymer solar cells, as well as quantum dot, [54] copper zinc tin sulfide, nanocrystal and perovskite solar ...
Zinc sulfide (or zinc sulphide) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula of ZnS. This is the main form of zinc found in nature, where it mainly occurs as the mineral sphalerite . Although this mineral is usually black because of various impurities, the pure material is white, and it is widely used as a pigment.
Thin-film phosphor electroluminescence was first commercialized during the 1980s by Sharp Corporation in Japan, Finlux (Oy Lohja Ab) in Finland, and Planar Systems in the US. In these devices, bright, long-life light emission is achieved in thin-film yellow-emitting manganese-doped zinc sulfide material. Displays using this technology were ...
[3] [4] Dr. Suntola's purpose was to grow thin films of Zinc sulfide to fabricate electroluminescent flat panel displays. The main trick used for this technique is the use of a self-limiting chemical reaction to control in an accurate way the thickness of the film deposited.
For AZO thin film deposition, the coating method of reactive magnetron sputtering is very economical and practical way of mass production. In this method, a zinc-aluminum target is sputtered in an oxygen atmosphere such that metal ions oxidize when they reach the substrates surface.