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Rudolf Steiner developed exercises aimed at cultivating new cognitive faculties he believed would be appropriate to contemporary individual and cultural development. . According to Steiner's view of history, in earlier periods people were capable of direct spiritual perceptions, or clairvoyance, but not yet of rational thought; more recently, rationality has been developed at the cost of ...
1927: Harry Emerson Fosdick — Spiritual Values and Eternal Life; 1928: Eugene William Lyman — The Meaning of Selfhood and Faith in Immortality; 1929: W. Douglas Mackenzie — Man's Consciousness of Immortality; 1930: Robert A. Falconer — The Idea of Immortality and Western Civilization; 1931: Julius Seelye Bixler — Immortality and the ...
Stoic spiritual practices and exercises include contemplation of death and other events that are typically thought negative, training attention to remain in the present moment (similar to some forms of Eastern meditation), daily reflection on everyday problems and possible solutions, keeping a personal journal, and so on.
An underpinning theory of education that structures clinical pastoral education is the "Action-Reflection" mode of learning.CPE students typically compose "verbatims" of their pastoral care encounters in which they are invited to reflect upon what occurred and draw insight from these reflections that can be implemented in future pastoral care events.
the spiritual, such as renunciation in face of natural impulses. Fakh̲r al-Dīn al-Rāzī distinguishes four kinds: [8] intellectual endurance (for example in disputed points in religious dogma), endurance in completing tasks one is bound or recommended to do by Islamic law (such as fasting), being steadfast in refraining from forbidden ...
The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola are considered a classic work of spiritual literature. [16] Many Jesuits are ready to direct the general public in retreats based on the Exercises. Since the 1980s there has been a growing interest in the Spiritual Exercises among people from other Christian traditions. [3]
Following Habel's definition, psychopathological states or drug-induced states of awareness are not considered to be religious experiences because they are mostly not performed within the context of a particular religious tradition. Moore and Habel identify two classes of religious experiences: the immediate and the mediated religious experience.
Erhard Seminars Training, Inc. (marketed as est, though often encountered as EST or Est) was an organization founded by Werner Erhard in 1971 that offered a two-weekend (6-day, 60-hour) course known officially as "The est Standard Training". The purpose of the training was to use concepts loosely based on Zen Buddhism for self improvement. The ...