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Although the notoriously dangerous species of box jellyfish are largely restricted to the tropical Indo-Pacific region, various species of box jellyfish can be found widely in tropical and subtropical oceans (between 42° N and 42 °S), [4] including the Atlantic Ocean and the east Pacific Ocean, with species as far north as California ...
Chironex fleckeri, commonly known as the Australian box jelly, and nicknamed the sea wasp, is a species of extremely venomous box jellyfish found in coastal waters from northern Australia and New Guinea to Indonesia, Cambodia, Malaysia and Singapore, the Philippines and Vietnam. [1]
Chironex yamaguchii, commonly known as ハブクラゲ (transliterated as habu-kurage, literally meaning "Viper Jellyfish" in Japanese) and as "hub jellyfish" due to erroneous machine translations, is a species of box jellyfish found in coastal waters around Japan, on Okinawa and the Ryukyu Islands, and in the Philippines. [2]
Box jellyfish swim by expanding and contracting their bells vigorously. [6] During the day Tripedalia cystophora is mostly to be found within 20 cm (8 in) of the surface, in sunlit positions among the prop roots of mangroves. These warm sunlit areas are where its main food item, the copepod Dioithona oculata, are to be found during the day. [5]
Chironex is a genus of box jellyfish in the family Chirodropidae. Their stings are highly venomous , and have caused human fatalities. Based on present knowledge, the genus is restricted to the central Indo-Pacific , ranging from southern Japan to northern Australia.
A scale illustration of an Irukandji jellyfish and its tentacles.Below the jelly's medusa bell are two polyp forms of the species.. Irukandji jellyfish are very small, with a bell about 5 millimetres (0.20 in) to 25 millimetres (0.98 in) wide and four long tentacles, which range in length from just a few centimetres up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length.
The majority of the species were considered endangered in the 1970s and 1980s when they “were in very low numbers or likely already extinct at the time of listing,” the release said.
Some box jellyfish species' eyes appear to have evolved more focused vision in response to their habitat. [50] Pupillary contraction appears to have evolved in response to variation in the light environment across ecological niches across three species of box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri, Chiropsella bronzie, and Carukia barnesi).