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The first Census in 1801 revealed that the population of Great Britain was 10.5 million. [21] Of this, England's population had grown to 8.3 million, Wales population rested at 0.6 million while Scotland had a population of 1.6 million. [9] In Ireland, the population rested at an estimate of between 4.5 and 5.5 million inhabitants.
The population of Europe remained at a low level in the Early Middle Ages, boomed during the High Middle Ages and reached a peak around 1300, then a number of calamities caused a steep decline, the nature of which historians have debated. Population levels began to recover around the late 15th century, gaining momentum in the early 16th century.
Map of population density in England as at the 2011 census The non-metropolitan counties and unitary authorities of England in 2020 by total population. The demography of England has since 1801 been measured by the decennial national census, and is marked by centuries of population growth and urbanization. Due to the lack of authoritative ...
Britain was the first country to undergo the demographic transition and the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions. The population of England and Wales almost doubled from 16.8 million in 1851 to 30.5 million in 1901, [2] and Scotland's population also rose rapidly, from 2.8 million in 1851 to 4.4 million in 1901. [3]
The first census in England was the Domesday Book, compiled in 1086 under William the Conqueror for tax purposes. Distinct from earlier, less inclusive censuses (e.g. for religious purposes), national decennial censuses of the general population started in 1801, championed by the statistician John Rickman.
The population density of the EU is 106 people per km 2.Note that the lights in the North Sea are from oil platforms. A cartogram depicting the population distribution between old EU-27 member states in 2008 (including the UK and excluding Croatia). 57.8% of all citizens of the EU live in the four largest member states: Germany, France, Italy, and Spain.
[8] [9] [10] Following the Industrial Revolution, which started in England, Great Britain ruled a colonial Empire, the largest in recorded history. Following a process of decolonisation in the 20th century, mainly caused by the weakening of Great Britain's power in the two World Wars; almost all of the empire's overseas territories became ...
About 38% of the United Kingdom population has a university or college degree, which is the highest percentage in Europe, and among the highest percentage in the world. [413] The United Kingdom is home to many universities, including the University of Oxford and University of Cambridge which often achieve first place on global rankings. [414] [415]