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An octave band is a frequency band that spans one octave (Play ⓘ).In this context an octave can be a factor of 2 [1] [full citation needed] or a factor of 10 0.301. [2] [full citation needed] [3] [full citation needed] An octave of 1200 cents in musical pitch (a logarithmic unit) corresponds to a frequency ratio of 2 / 1 ≈ 10 0.301.
For example, the frequency one octave above 40 Hz is 80 Hz. The term is derived from the Western musical scale where an octave is a doubling in frequency. [note 1] Specification in terms of octaves is therefore common in audio electronics. Along with the decade, it is a unit used to describe frequency bands or frequency ratios. [1] [2]
Roll-off of a first-order low-pass filter is 20 dB/decade (≈6 dB/octave) A simple first-order network such as a RC circuit will have a roll-off of 20 dB/decade. This is a little over 6 dB/octave and is the more usual description given for this roll-off.
In stretched tuning, two notes an octave apart, whose fundamental frequencies theoretically have an exact 2:1 ratio, are tuned slightly farther apart (a stretched octave). If the frequency ratios of octaves are greater than a factor of 2, the tuning is stretched; if smaller than a factor of 2, it is compressed." [3]
An octave is the interval between one musical pitch and another with double or half its frequency. For example, if one note has a frequency of 440 Hz, the note one octave above is at 880 Hz, and the note one octave below is at 220 Hz. The ratio of frequencies of two notes an octave apart is therefore 2:1.
Radar-frequency bands according to IEEE standard [17] Band designation Frequency range Explanation of meaning of letters; HF: 0.003 to 0.03 GHz: High frequency [18] VHF: 0.03 to 0.3 GHz: Very high frequency [18] UHF: 0.3 to 1 GHz: Ultra-high frequency [18] L: 1 to 2 GHz: Long wave S: 2 to 4 GHz: Short wave C: 4 to 8 GHz: Compromise between S ...
Magnitude response of a low pass filter with 6 dB per octave or 20 dB per decade roll-off. Measuring the frequency response typically involves exciting the system with an input signal and measuring the resulting output signal, calculating the frequency spectra of the two signals (for example, using the fast Fourier transform for discrete signals), and comparing the spectra to isolate the ...
Far from the cutoff frequency in the transition band, the rate of increase of attenuation with logarithm of frequency is asymptotic to a constant. For a [[Low-pass filter#:~:text=information: Electronic filter-,First-order passive,-[edit]|first-order]] network, the roll-off is −20 dB per decade (approximately −6 dB per octave.)