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Ileum, caecum and colon of rabbit, showing Appendix vermiformis on fully functional caecum The human vermiform appendix on the vestigial caecum. The appendix was once believed to be a vestige of a redundant organ that in ancestral species had digestive functions, much as it still does in extant species in which intestinal flora hydrolyze cellulose and similar indigestible plant materials. [10]
In humans, the vermiform appendix is sometimes called a vestigial structure as it has lost much of its ancestral digestive function.. Vestigiality is the retention, during the process of evolution, of genetically determined structures or attributes that have lost some or all of the ancestral function in a given species. [1]
Atavism can also be seen in humans who possess large teeth, like those of other primates. [9] In addition, a case of "snake heart", the presence of "coronary circulation and myocardial architecture [that closely] resemble those of the reptilian heart", has also been reported in medical literature. [ 10 ]
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This phenomenon is an automatic-response mechanism that activates even before a human becomes consciously aware that a startling, unexpected or unknown sound has been "heard". [2] That this vestigial response occurs even before becoming consciously aware of a startling noise would explain why the function of ear-perking had evolved in animals.
What makes a human body structure vestigial is that presently it is useless or almost useless, i.e. having no important function. Greensburger ( talk ) 16:49, 1 September 2011 (UTC) [ reply ] The references you listed do not backup your statements, they mention mainly the appendix, and a few other structures.
232334 Ensembl ENSG00000144560 ENSMUSG00000030315 UniProt Q14135 Q80V24 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001128219 NM_001128220 NM_001128221 NM_001284390 NM_001284391 NM_014667 NM_177683 NM_001356371 RefSeq (protein) NP_001121691 NP_001121692 NP_001121693 NP_001271319 NP_001271320 NP_055482 NP_808351 NP_001343300 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 11.56 – 11.77 Mb Chr 6: 114.84 – 114.95 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View ...
A vestigial twin is a form of parasitic twinning, where the parasitic "twin" is so malformed and incomplete that it typically consists entirely of extra limbs or organs. It also can be a complete living being trapped inside the host person, however the parasitic twin is anencephalic and lacks consciousness .