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Together with the consonants (mei, which are called 'body' letters), they form compound, syllabic letters that are called 'living' or 'embodied' letters (uyir mei, i.e. letters that have both 'body' and 'soul'). Tamil language has 12 vowels which are divided into short and long (five of each type) and two diphthongs.
This script is the sister of the Vatteluttu script which was used to write Tamil and Malayalam in the past. [ 15 ] Epigrapher Arlo Griffiths argues that the name of the script is misleading as not all of the relevant scripts referred to have a connection with the Pallava dynasty.
Extended-Tamil script or Tamil-Grantha refers to a script used to write the Tamil language before the 20th century Tamil purist movement. [1] Tamil-Grantha is a mixed-script: a combination of the conservative-Tamil script that independently evolved from pre-Pallava script, combined with consonants imported from a later-stage evolved Grantha script (from Pallava-Grantha) to write non-Tamil ...
Eḻuttu (writing) defines and describes the letters of the Tamil alphabet and their classification. It describes the nature of phonemes and their changes with respect to different conditions and locations in the text. Sol defines the types of the words based on their meaning and the origin. It defines the gender, number, cases, tenses, classes ...
Exception: Tamil ceṭi, Toda kïḍf, Kannada giḍa, giḍu. Loss of the laryngeal H e.g. PD. ∗puH, Ta. pū "flower", it survived into old Tamil in a few words as a restricted phoneme called Āytam. According to Tolkāppiyam in old Tamil it patterned with semivowels and it occurred after a short vowel and before a stop; it either lengthened ...
^ In Indo-Aryan languages, this letter is theoretically pronounced as a dental nasal, but it is actually alveolar. In Tamil and Malayalam, it is a dental nasal and the alveolar nasal has a separate letter (ṉ: see note below). ^ This letter is obsolete. See the Malayalam language article for further details.
Kannada lost clusivity. Old Tamil retained the PD like tense system of past vs non past but none currently do, all have past, present, future. Common plural marker is -kaḷ(u) in Tamil-Kannada while Tulu uses -ḷŭ, -kuḷŭ, certain Malayalamoid languages use other methods like -ya in Ravula and having kuṟe before the word in Eranadan.
The Kannada words for a letter of the script are ಅಕ್ಷರ akshara, ಅಕ್ಕರ akkara, and ವರ್ಣ varṇa. Each letter has its own form (ಆಕಾರ ākāra) and sound (ಶಬ್ದ śabda), providing the visible and audible representations, respectively. Kannada is written from left to right.