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Wood affected by woodworm. Signs of woodworm usually consist of holes in the wooden item, with live infestations showing powder (faeces), known as frass, around the holes.. The size of the holes varies, but they are typically 1 to 1.5 millimetres (5 ⁄ 128 to 1 ⁄ 16 in) in diameter for the most common household species, although they can be much larger in the case of the house longhorn beet
Limnoria lignorum is a wood borer and in favourable conditions can be present in large numbers, with densities of as many as four hundred individuals per 1 in 3 (16.4 cm 3) of wood. The isopods are very small and the damage is at first confined to near the surface of the wood.
The three most species-rich families of woodboring beetles are longhorn beetles, bark beetles and weevils, and metallic flat-headed borers. Woodboring is thought to be the ancestral ecology of beetles, and bores made by beetles in fossil wood extend back to the earliest fossil record of beetles in the Early Permian ( Asselian ), around 295-300 ...
The eggs hatch after some three weeks, each producing a 1 millimetre (0.039 in) long, creamy white, C-shaped larva. For three to four years the larvae bore semi-randomly through timber, following and eating the starchy part of the wood grain, and grow up to 7 millimetres (0.28 in). They come nearer to the wood surface when ready to pupate.
A gribble (/ ˈ ɡ r ɪ b ə l /) or gribble worm [2] is any of about 56 species of marine isopod from the family Limnoriidae. They are mostly pale white and small (1–4 millimetres or 0.04–0.16 inches long) crustaceans , although Limnoria stephenseni from subantarctic waters can reach 10 mm (0.4 in).
When shipworms bore into submerged wood, bacterial symbionts embedded within a sub-organ called the typhlosole in the shipworm gut, aid in the digestion of the wood particles ingested, [3] The Alteromonas or Alteromonas-sub-group of bacteria identified as the symbiont species in the typhlosole, are known to digest lignin, and wood material in ...
The pine wood nematode Bursaphalenchus xylophilous is transmitted by several Monochamus species, and its life cycle is tied with that of its vector. [6] When nematode-infested adult Monochamus feed on healthy trees, they create wounds that allow nematodes to enter. In a susceptible host tree, nematodes breed in the xylem and eventually kill the ...
Wood-boring insects can degrade the wood aesthetically by boring holes, and also indirectly as vectors for fungi and nematodes which can cause structural damage. [ 5 ] Allison et al. [ 11 ] extrapolated information from one mill in southern British Columbia to suggest that wood-boring insects could cause an annual loss of US$43.6 million per ...