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View live population, charts & trends: Population of Africa. The median age in Africa is 19.2 years (2024). A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration.
Collectively, the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa have the highest average fertility rate in the world at 4.6. Niger tops the list at 6.7 children per woman, followed by Angola at 5.8, the Democratic Republic of Congo (5.6), Mali (5.5), and Benin (5.4).
In Africa women have 4.5 children on average, while in Asia the figure is 2.1 children, in Latin America 2.0, in North America 1.9 and in Europe 1.6.
This is a list of all sovereign states and dependencies by total fertility rate (TFR): the expected number of children born per woman in her child-bearing years.
In Africa, mortality rates among children under age 5 decreased by 58 per cent between 1990 and 2017, still, over half of the world’s 5.4 million under-five deaths in 2017 occurred in Africa.
High fertility is one of the reasons that lead to population growth. Africa has the highest fertility rate in the world, set at an average of around four children per woman.
The huge majority of the world population – 80% — now live in countries with a fertility rate below 3 children per woman. 3 On the other end of the spectrum there are a few countries — home to around 10% of the world population — where women on average have still more than 5 children.