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There may be no symptoms but, when symptoms are present, the most common is upper abdominal pain (see dyspepsia). [1] Other possible symptoms include nausea and vomiting, bloating, loss of appetite and heartburn. [1] [2] Complications may include stomach bleeding, stomach ulcers, and stomach tumors. [1]
Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia or upset stomach, is a condition of impaired digestion. [2] Symptoms may include upper abdominal fullness, heartburn, nausea, belching, or upper abdominal pain. [3] People may also experience feeling full earlier than expected when eating. [4]
A stress ulcer is a single or multiple mucosal defect usually caused by physiological (not psychological) stress which can become complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding. These ulcers can be caused by shock , sepsis , trauma or other conditions and are found in patients with chronic illnesses.
For those who do experience symptoms, she says that this can include abdominal pain, indigestion and nausea. She adds that another symptom is having black-colored stools and, sometimes, bleeding.
An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer, while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer. [1] The most common symptoms of a duodenal ulcer are waking at night with upper abdominal pain, and upper abdominal pain that improves with eating. [1] With a gastric ulcer, the pain may worsen with eating. [7]
Congenital disorders of the stomach include pernicious anaemia, in which a targeted immune response against parietal cells results in an inability to absorb vitamin B12. Other common symptoms that stomach disease might cause include indigestion or dyspepsia, vomiting, and in chronic disease, digestive problems leading to forms of malnutrition.
After addressing pain, there may be a role for antimicrobial treatment in some cases of abdominal pain. [22] Butylscopolamine (Buscopan) is used to treat cramping abdominal pain with some success. [23] Surgical management for causes of abdominal pain includes but is not limited to cholecystectomy, appendectomy, and exploratory laparotomy.
Stomach cancers usually occur due to fluctuations in acidity level and may present with vague symptoms of abdominal fullness, weight loss and pain. The actual cause of stomach cancer is not known but has been linked to infection with Helicobacter pylori , pernicious anemia , Menetriere's disease, and nitrogenous preservatives in food.