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The North African campaign of World War II, sometimes called the "Desert War", includes the campaigns in Egypt and Libya (often referred to as the Western Desert campaign or the "Egypt–Libya Campaign") and those campaigns in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia (usually referred to as the Tunisian campaign.
The North African campaign of World War II took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943, fought between the Allies and the Axis Powers.It included campaigns in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts (Western Desert campaign, Desert War), in Morocco and Algeria (Operation Torch), and in Tunisia (Tunisia campaign).
9 March: Rommel returned to Germany. Command of the Army Group Africa was handed over to General Hans-Jürgen von Arnim. 16 March: Battle of the Mareth Line begins [9] 19 March: Eighth Army launches Operation Pugilist; 23 March: U.S. II Corps emerge from Kasserine to match the Axis at Battle of El Guettar. Battle of Mareth ends. [9]
Cyrenaica (Libya) had been an Italian colony since the Italo-Turkish War in 1911–1912. With Tunisia, part of French North Africa, to the west, and Egypt to the east, the Italians prepared to defend both fronts through a North Africa Supreme Headquarters, under the command of the Governor-General of Italian Libya, Marshal of the Air Force, Italo Balbo.
The Tunisian campaign (also known as the battle of Tunisia) was a series of battles that took place in Tunisia during the North African campaign of the Second World War, between Axis and Allied forces from 17 November 1942 to 13 May 1943.
An Army at Dawn: The War in North Africa, 1942–1943. New York: Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 0-8050-6288-2. Blumenson, Martin (1966). Kasserine Pass. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. OCLC 3947767. Calhoun, Mark T. (2015). Defeat at Kasserine: American Armor Doctrine, Training, and Battle Command in Northwest Africa, World War II. Ft.
East Africa (10 June 1940 – 27 November 1941) North Africa (10 June 1940 – 13 May 1943) Western Desert (11 June 1940 – 4 February 1943) French North Africa ( 8–16 November 1942) Tunisia (17 November 1942 – 13 May 1943) Malta (11 June 1940 – 20 November 1942) Bahrain (19 October 1940) Greco-Italian War (28 October 1940 to April 1941)
The Mediterranean and Middle East theatre had the longest duration of the World War II, resulted in the destruction of the Italian Empire, and severely undermined the strategic position of Germany, resulting in German divisions being deployed to Africa and Italy and total German losses (including those captured upon final surrender) being over ...
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