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The evolution of United States standard time zone boundaries from 1919 to 2024 in five-year increments. Plaque in Chicago marking the creation of the four time zones of the continental US in 1883 Colorized 1913 time zone map of the United States, showing boundaries very different from today Map of U.S. time zones during between April 2, 2006, and March 11, 2007.
The Northern Pacific Railroad had seven time zones between St. Paul and the 1883 west end of the railroad at Wallula Jct; the Union Pacific Railway was at the other extreme, with only two time zones between Omaha and Ogden. [3] In 1870, Charles F. Dowd proposed four time zones based on the meridian through Washington, DC, for North American ...
Railroad managers tried to address the problem by establishing 100 railroad time zones, but this was only a partial solution to the problem. [2] Weather service chief Cleveland Abbe introduced four standard time zones for his weather stations, an idea which he offered to the railroads. [3]
Clock on The Exchange, Bristol, showing two minute hands, one for London time and one for Bristol time (GMT minus 11 minutes).. Railway time was the standardised time arrangement first applied by the Great Western Railway in England in November 1840, the first recorded occasion when different local mean times were synchronised and a single standard time applied.
As a result, in 1870 he published a pamphlet entitled "A System of National Time for Railroads" wherein he proposed four time zones, each 15° wide, the time of each being one hour different from the next, named Washington, first, second, and third hours. The central meridian of the first zone was the Washington meridian.
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1883: Standard time zones adopted by railroads. [9] 1886: Many southern states convert from broad gauges such as 1,524 mm (5 ft) to standard gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in). (See also Broad gauge#United States.) 1887: Congress creates the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to regulate railroads and ensure fair prices. [10]
Zones K and M were merged into zone J on July 15, 2018, reducing the number of zones to ten. [66] [67] On February 1, 2024, Metra reduced the number of fare zones from 10 to 4 and labeled each of the four zones by number instead of letter. This was proposed in an effort to simplify its fare structure.