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According to a 2013 study by Abrahams, [74] South Africa has the fourth highest rate of female homicide with 12.9 per 100,000 women being murdered by intimate partners in South Africa annually. With a rate of 7.5/100,000 women, women in South Africa are four times more likely to be murdered with a gun than a woman in the United States.
Analysts believe that women's inability to accumulate wealth has allowed for gender inequality to persist on the continent. According to the World Bank, 37% of women in Sub-Sahara Africa have a bank account, compared to 48% of men. [52] These percentages are even lower for women in North Africa where two-thirds of the population remains unbanked.
Overall, women's access to land in African societies is quite restricted, even in cases where the law protects women's rights to land, traditional customs inhibit their access and control over land. An example from Mozambique points out that customary law protects single-women and widowed women in access to land.
Women's roles in African independence movements were diverse and varied by each country. Many women believed that their liberation was directly linked to the liberation of their countries. [1] Women participated in various anti-colonial roles, ranging from grassroots organising to providing crucial support during the struggle for independence.
Women are also less likely to have access to treatment than men. 73% of adult men living with HIV are on treatment, compared to 58% of adult women. [ 14 ] Under the penal code of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) abortion is prohibited, but it is generally accepted that an abortion can be performed to save a woman's life.
While 48% of Malian women are engaged in agriculture, the vast majority may only access land to which men hold the primary rights. While the Constitution and some laws in Mali support equality between men and women, in practice Malian women do not enjoy equal status with men with respect to property rights and inheritance. [32]
The socioeconomic status of women remains a significant indicator of HIV status. [7] Of the poorest women in Namibia, the HIV prevalence rate is at 21.4%, compared to the richest households with an HIV prevalence rate of 3.7%. [7] Large strides have been made in the last decade to decrease the rate of maternal mortality in Namibia.
Women constitute 25% of the workforce of Tunisia in 2021, a decrease from 28% in 2015, [37] an increase from 20.9% in 1989 and only 5.5% in 1966. [38] Female participation and mobility in the labor force are constrained by the socially acceptable behavior of women in Tunisia and even laws.