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The term "The Local Group" was introduced by Edwin Hubble in Chapter VI of his 1936 book The Realm of the Nebulae. [11] There, he described it as "a typical small group of nebulae which is isolated in the general field" and delineated, by decreasing luminosity, its members to be M31, Milky Way, M33, Large Magellanic Cloud, Small Magellanic Cloud, M32, NGC 205, NGC 6822, NGC 185, IC 1613 and ...
Four of the seven members of galaxy group HCG 16 [1]. A galaxy group [2] or group of galaxies [3] (GrG [4]) is an aggregation of galaxies comprising about 50 or fewer gravitationally bound members, each at least as luminous as the Milky Way (about 10 10 times the luminosity of the Sun); collections of galaxies larger than groups that are first-order clustering are called galaxy clusters. [5]
The spread of velocities for the individual galaxies is about 150 km/s. However, this definition should be used as a guide only, as larger and more massive galaxy systems are sometimes classified as galaxy groups. [4] Groups are the most common structures of galaxies in the universe, comprising at least 50% of the galaxies in the local universe.
Composite image showing young stars in and around molecular cloud Cepheus B.. This is a list of star-forming regions located in the Milky Way Galaxy and in the Local Group.Star formation occurs in molecular clouds which become unstable to gravitational collapse, and these complexes may contain clusters of young stars and regions of ionized gas called H II regions.
The Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy are the two brightest galaxies within the group; many of the other member galaxies are dwarf companions of these two. [176] The Local Group itself is a part of a cloud-like structure within the Virgo Supercluster, a large, extended structure of groups and clusters of galaxies centered on the Virgo Cluster ...
The Local Group is a member of the supercluster, but not the cluster. Most distant galaxy group Nearest galaxy group Local Group: 0 distance This is the galaxy group that our galaxy belongs to. Nearest neighbouring galaxy group IC 342/Maffei Group: Most distant proto-cluster A2744z7p9OD: z=7.88 [23] Nearest proto-cluster Most distant massive ...
The Fornax Dwarf galaxy is a dwarf galaxy that is part of the Local Group of galaxies. It is not visible in amateur telescopes, despite its relatively small distance of 500,000 light-years. [32] Helmi stream is a small galactic stream in Fornax. This small galaxy was destroyed by Milky Way 6 billion years ago.
For example, while our own poor group, the Local Group, has a σ = 61±8 km/s, [4] rich clusters of galaxies, such as the Coma Cluster, have a σ ≈ 1,000 km/s. [5] The dwarf elliptical galaxies within Coma, as with all galaxies, have their own internal velocity dispersion for their stars, which is a σ ≲ 80 km/s, typically. [6]