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Long-distance migration of the spruce budworm does occur as they can disperse across distances ranging from 20 to 450 km. In northern Minnesota, spruce budworm moths emigrate to the east lakeshore of Lake Superior in Ontario, Canada, because of seasonal changes. Dispersal is influenced heavily by temperature as low temperatures can slow down ...
Western spruce budworm caterpillar, sixth (final) instar. Adult moths are about 1 / 2 inch (12.7 mm) long and have a wing-spread of 7 / 8 to 1 1 / 8 inches (22 to 28mm). Moths of both sexes are similar in appearance, although the females are a bit more robust than males. Both sexes fly.
Choristoneura freemani Razowski, 2008, western spruce budworm; Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens, 1865), eastern spruce budworm; Choristoneura griseicoma (Meyrick, 1924) Choristoneura hebenstreitella (Muller, 1764), mountain-ash tortricid; Choristoneura heliaspis (Meyrick, 1909) Choristoneura improvisana (Kuznetsov, 1973)
He specialized in pest management, insecticide field tests, and chemical control operations. [6] His studies concerning spruce budworms contributed to the Environmental Protection Agency's approval of alternatives to DDT against the pest. [7] In 1968, Williams was assigned to New Haven, Connecticut to study the invasive bark beetle. [2]
The balsam fir is the preferred main host of the eastern spruce budworm, which is a major destructive pest throughout the eastern United States and Canada. [13] During cyclical population outbreaks, major defoliation of the balsam fir can occur, which may significantly reduce radial growth. [14] This can kill the tree.
The current Commissioner is Joseph W. Guthrie, who was appointed on January 15, 2022. He is Virginia's 18th Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Guthrie is a sixth generation Virginia farmer, who owned and operated a beef cattle and hay farm in Pulaski County on farmland that has been in his family since 1795.
The eastern spruce budworm is an example of a destructive insect in fir and spruce forests. Birds are a natural form of biological control, but the Trichogramma minutum, a species of parasitic wasp, has been investigated as an alternative to more controversial chemical controls. [64]
Spruce budworm (adult and pupa shown), a serious pest of forests, can be monitored using pheromone traps Main articles: Mechanical pest control , Insect trap , and Crop rotation Mechanical pest control is the use of hands-on techniques as well as simple equipment and devices, that provides a protective barrier between plants and insects .