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Fishes are a paraphyletic group and for this reason, the class Pisces seen in older reference works is no longer used in formal taxonomy.Traditional classification divides fish into three extant classes (Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, and Osteichthyes), and with extinct forms sometimes classified within those groups, sometimes as their own classes: [1]
Class Cephalaspidomorphi - lampreys; Superclass Gnathostomata Vertebrates with jaws Class Chondrichthyes (cartilagineous fish - sharks and rays) Class Osteichthyes (bony fish), which has two subclasses: Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish) Full details of higher order fish taxonomy can be found in the Chordata article.
[1] [2] Food supply chains include all actors and activities involved in post-harvest handling, storage, aggregation, transport, processing, distribution and marketing of food; [2] [1] and household consumption, which is the downstream outcome of functioning agrifood systems, subject to varying degrees of demand shocks , such as loss of income ...
Agnatha (/ ˈ æ ɡ n ə θ ə, æ ɡ ˈ n eɪ θ ə /; [3] from Ancient Greek ἀ-(a-) 'without' and γνάθος (gnáthos) 'jaws') is a paraphyletic infraphylum [4] of non-gnathostome vertebrates, or jawless fish, in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, consisting of both living (cyclostomes) and extinct (conodonts, anaspids, and ...
There are three basic methods by which food is gathered into the mouths of fish: by suction feeding, by ram feeding, and by manipulation or biting. [79] Nearly all fish species use one of these styles, and most use two. [80] Early fish lineages had inflexible jaws limited to little more than opening and closing.
This is a list of fish families sorted alphabetically by scientific name. There are 525 families in the list.
Chondrichthyes (/ k ɒ n ˈ d r ɪ k θ i iː z /; from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage.
Under this classification system, Osteichthyes was considered paraphyletic with regard to land vertebrates, as the common ancestor of all osteichthyans includes tetrapods amongst its descendants. While the largest subclass, Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish), is monophyletic, with the inclusion of the smaller sub-class Sarcopterygii, Osteichthyes ...