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The Shang dynasty is the earliest dynasty within traditional Chinese history that is firmly supported by archaeological evidence. The archaeological site of Yinxu, near modern-day Anyang, corresponds to the final Shang capital of Yin. Excavations at Yinxu have revealed eleven major royal tombs, the foundations of former palace buildings, and ...
The Battle of Mingtiao was a battle between the Shang state and the Xia dynasty, resulting in a Shang victory which created the elevation circumstances of the Duke of Shang to the throne of China as the Shang dynasty. [1] [2]
Rib of a rhinoceros killed in a royal hunt, bearing an inscription including the character 商 (Shāng, fifth character from the bottom on the right) [2]. The Late Shang, also known as the Anyang period, is the earliest known literate civilization in China, spanning the reigns of the last nine kings of the Shang dynasty, beginning with Wu Ding in the second half of the 13th century BC and ...
Chinese history is traditionally represented in terms of dynastic cycles. According to the Zhou, Yu the Great established the Xia dynasty because Heaven had given him the authority ages earlier. Heaven retracted its decree and gave it to the Shang instead of the Xia when a terrible monarch appeared among them. The Zhou asserted that Heaven was ...
Shangdi (Chinese: 上帝; pinyin: Shàngdì; Wade–Giles: Shang 4 Ti 4), also called simply Di (Chinese: 帝; pinyin: Dì; lit. 'God'), [1] is the name of the Chinese Highest Deity or "Lord Above" in the theology of the classical texts, especially deriving from Shang theology and finding an equivalent in the later Tiān ("Heaven" or "Great Whole") of Zhou theology.
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The Chinese classics of the Zhou dynasty, the Xunzi, the Records of the Grand Historian as well as others describe these figures as illustrious models for righteousness and virtue. Tang of Shang, as depicted by Ma Lin. Chinese tradition describes the first Shang king, Tang, as a religious and perspicacious figure in Chinese history. According ...
Shang dynasty: Northwest of Yin: Jing (井方) Shang dynasty: Northwest of Yin (Present Shanxi Province Yuncheng City Hejin City to the west, Shaanxi Province Baoji City Qishan County to the south) ally Lin (林方) Shang dynasty: East of Yin, south of Huai river: swing Xing (興方) Shang dynasty: Unknown swing Ma (馬方) Shang dynasty