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The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC). It was launched by Mao Zedong in 1966 and lasted until 1976. Its stated goal was to preserve Chinese socialism by purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society.
The notification formalized the decisions that had been reached in late April. It was the first major political declaration of the Cultural Revolution [3]: 117 and summarized Mao's justifications for the Cultural Revolution. [1]: 40 It emphasized the need to defeat bourgeois representatives in the party, government, and army. [4]: 145
Organizations in Cultural Revolution (2 C, 10 P) P. ... Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China;
The sent-down, rusticated, or "educated" youth (Chinese: 下乡青年), also known as the zhiqing, were the young people who—beginning in the 1950s until the end of the Cultural Revolution, willingly or under coercion—left the urban districts of the People's Republic of China to live and work in rural areas as part of the "Up to the Mountains and Down to the Countryside Movement".
The Socialist Education Movement is regarded as the precursor of the Cultural Revolution. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Mao became frustrated with resistance to the Socialist Education Movement and the experience further developed his view that the relationship between cadres and the people needed to be improved.
The cultural revolution was a set of activities carried out in Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union, aimed at a radical restructuring of the cultural and ideological life of society. The goal was to form a new type of culture as part of the building of a socialist society , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] including an increase in the proportion of people from ...
The Chinese term translated into English as "Red Guard" -- hongwei bing-- was a new, non-standard phrase coined by the radical students. [2] "Scarlet Guards" used an older term (chiwei dui) which was used to refer to "Red Guards" who fought for the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War. [2] This name signaled the Scarlet Guards' political ...
In the preface of the book (Chinese edition), Hu Jiwei, former president and editor-in-chief of the People's Daily, praises Song's effort of exposing the historical facts and details of the atrocities during the Cultural Revolution to the public, and endorsed Song's argument that the massacres and violence were mainly the action of "state apparatuses" under Mao Zedong towards the citizens. [2]