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The North African campaign of World War II took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943, fought between the Allies and the Axis Powers. It included campaigns in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts ( Western Desert campaign , Desert War), in Morocco and Algeria ( Operation Torch ), and in Tunisia ( Tunisia campaign ).
The Axis powers, [nb 1] originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis [1] and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was the military coalition which initiated World War II and fought against the Allies. Its principal members were Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and the Empire of Japan. The Axis were united in their far-right positions and general opposition ...
29 June: U.S. reports from Egypt of British military operations stop using the compromised "Black Code" which the Axis were reading; 30 June: Axis forces reach El Alamein and attack the Allied defences, the First Battle of El Alamein begins; 4 July: First Battle of El Alamein continues as Axis digs in and Eighth Army launches series of attacks
The Afrika Korps (Generalleutnant Erwin Rommel) was formally under Italian command, as Italy was the main Axis power in the Mediterranean and North Africa. In the spring of 1941, Rommel led Operation Sonnenblume, which pushed the Allies back to Egypt except for the siege of Tobruk at the port.
The British referred to this theatre as the Mediterranean and Middle East Theatre (so called due to the location of the fighting and the name of Middle East Command), the Americans called it the Mediterranean Theater of War and the German informal official history of the fighting is the Mediterranean, South-East Europe, and North Africa 1939 ...
The Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)'s has chosen a theme for Black History Month every year since 1928, per their official website. According to Parry, the ...
Black History Month is an annually observed commemorative month originating in the United States, where it is also known as African-American History Month. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It began as a way of remembering important people and events in the history of the African diaspora , initially lasting a week before becoming a month-long observation since 1970 ...
The state of the Allies and Axis powers in December 1942, showing Allied progress in Northern Africa 1: Gasoline rationing begins in the United States. The US cruiser Northampton is sunk as Japanese destroyers attempt to come down "the Slot" to Guadalcanal. Publication of the Beveridge Report in the United Kingdom on the post-war nature of ...