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The thalamus (pl.: thalami; from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a large mass of gray matter on the lateral walls of the third ventricle forming the dorsal part of the diencephalon (a division of the forebrain).
The interthalamic adhesion (also known as the massa intermedia, intermediate mass or middle commissure) is a flattened band of tissue that connects both parts of the thalamus at their medial surfaces.
In neuroanatomy, the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN; also called the lateral geniculate body or lateral geniculate complex) is a structure in the thalamus and a key component of the mammalian visual pathway. It is a small, ovoid, ventral projection of the thalamus where the thalamus connects with the optic nerve. There are two LGNs, one on the ...
The ventral posterior nucleus has, by virtue of its afferent and efferent pathways, crucial relay and regulatory roles in touch, body position, pain, temperature, itch, taste, and arousal.
The thalamic reticular nucleus is part of the ventral thalamus that forms a capsule around the thalamus laterally. However, recent evidence from mice and fish question this statement and define it as a dorsal thalamic structure. [1] [2] It is separated from the thalamus by the external medullary lamina.
The medial dorsal nucleus (or mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus, dorsomedial nucleus, dorsal medial nucleus, or medial nucleus group) is a large nucleus in the thalamus. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is separated from the other thalamic nuclei by the internal medullary lamina .
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This traditional list does not accord strictly with human thalamic anatomy. Nuclear groups of the thalamus include: anterior nuclear group [1] (anteroventral, [2] anterodorsal, [3] anteromedial [4]) medial nuclear group (medial dorsal nucleus, [5] a.k.a. dorsomedial) parvocellular part [6] (a.k.a. parvicellular part) magnocellular part [7]