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Law of Indonesia is based on a civil law system, intermixed with local customary law and Dutch law. Before European presence and colonization began in the sixteenth century, indigenous kingdoms ruled the archipelago independently with their own custom laws, known as adat (unwritten, traditional rules still observed in the Indonesian society). [ 1 ]
The ancient concept of rule of law can be distinguished from rule by law, according to political science professor Li Shuguang: "The difference ... is that, under the rule of law, the law is preeminent and can serve as a check against the abuse of power. Under rule by law, the law is a mere tool for a government, that suppresses in a legalistic ...
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Ronald Dworkin in September 2008. Dworkin's conception of the rule of law is "thick", as it encompasses a substantive theory of law and adjudication.. The "thick" rule of law entails the notion that in addition to the requirements of the thin rule, it is necessary for the law to conform with certain substantive standards of justice and human rights.
In The Concept of Law, H. L. A. Hart argued that law is a "system of rules"; [35] John Austin said law was "the command of a sovereign, backed by the threat of a sanction"; [36] Ronald Dworkin describes law as an "interpretive concept" to achieve justice in his text titled Law's Empire; [37] and Joseph Raz argues law is an "authority" to ...
International labour law is the body of rules spanning public and private international law which concern the rights and duties of employees, employers, trade unions and governments in regulating work and the workplace.
Social rule system theory is an attempt to formally approach different kinds of social rule systems in a unified manner. Social rules systems include institutions such as norms, laws, regulations, taboos, customs, and a variety of related concepts and are important in the social sciences and humanities.
By consolidating the 1982 law and subsequent amendments, [9] the law aimed "to foster the development of works that result from the diversity of art and culture" in Indonesia. The law clarified the status of copyright and neighboring rights , which had been confusing in prior legislations, and prohibited parallel importation . [ 11 ]